9 0 HUSBANDARY – 9.11 - PRINCIPLES AND METHODES FOR BREEDING

 

 ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

9 0 HUSBANDARY – 9.11 - PRINCIPLES AND METHODES FOR BREEDING

 

As preventive measures for maintaining good animal health are of high relevance in organic farming, the selection of breeds suitable to local conditions and to organic feeding is of crucial importance. This requires that suitable breeds are available. Traditional breeds of farm animals may be a good starting point for organic animal breeding. Animals can be improved by selection of individuals especially suitable for organic conditions. They can be crossbred with suitable new breeds, thus achieving an animal with the positive aspects of traditional breeds and the satisfying production of the new breeds.

For breeding, organic farming uses natural reproduction techniques. While artificial insemination is allowed, embryo transfer, genetic manipulation, and hormonal synchronisation are not permitted according to IFOAM standards.

 KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

9 0 UFUGAJI – 12.11 - KANUNI NA MBINU ZA UFUGAJI

Kwa vile hatua za kinga za kudumisha afya bora ya wanyama zina umuhimu mkubwa katika kilimo-hai, uteuzi wa mifugo inayofaa kwa hali ya ndani na ulishaji wa asili ni muhimu sana. Hii inahitaji kwamba mifugo inayofaa inapatikana. Mifugo ya asili ya wanyama wa shamba inaweza kuwa mahali pazuri pa kuanzia kwa ufugaji wa wanyama hai. Wanyama wanaweza kuboreshwa kwa kuchagua watu wanaofaa hasa kwa hali ya kikaboni. Wanaweza kuunganishwa na mifugo mpya inayofaa, na hivyo kufikia mnyama mwenye sifa nzuri za mifugo ya kitamaduni na uzalishaji wa kuridhisha wa mifugo mpya.

Kwa ufugaji, kilimo hai hutumia mbinu za asili za uzazi. Ingawa uenezaji wa mbegu bandia unaruhusiwa, uhamishaji wa kiinitete, upotoshaji wa kijeni, na ulandanishi wa homoni hauruhusiwi kulingana na viwango vya IFOAM.