7 0 COMPOST – 7.20 - HEATING

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 0 COMPOST – 7.20 - HEATING

A compost heater, also known as a bio-pile, is an arrangement for using the waste heat from a composting system. The heat generated by the work of microorganisms and small organisms during the rotting process is appropriately diverted so that it is available at the place of use. This can be a residential building, for example.

In contrast to the production of biogas, sufficient oxygen must be supplied here to enable the aerobic decomposition process and to avoid putrefaction. To create optimal conditions for the biological processes, water may have to be added at the beginning. Once the decomposition has really started, water is produced as a decomposition product, so that the compost remains moist enough by itself. Ultimately, the entire biomass is essentially broken down into carbon dioxide and water with the development of heat if the process is kept running.

Usually, however, the process is stopped at the end of the heating season and the humus that has formed is removed.

The French agronomist Jean Pain, who dealt with agriculture in harmony with nature, is the inventor of the principle.

With this type, a large compost heap in the open air is run through with a twisted water pipe. The water cycle dissipates the resulting heat and transports it to a utility building. There, the water heated by the compost heap can be fed directly into the heating circuit or its heat can be transferred to the heating circuit via a heat exchanger.

The kiln must contain around 8,000 litres of biomass in order to be able to maintain a temperature in winter at which the composting process can continue.

Compost heating silo within the utility building.

Compost silo inside a residential building.

    1.       Main article: Compost heating silo

The composting process takes place in a silo. This is set up inside a building and emits its heating power directly through the wall of the vessel. A water circuit for distributing the heat can be installed as an option but is not required for simple systems.

    2.      Calculations

On a garden plot, biomass can be harvested in the form of lawn cuttings, leaf shedding, shrub cuttings, etc. From this, an annual amount of energy of up to 3860 kWh per 1000 m² can be obtained. The known data from the cultivation of an energy forest (short rotation plantation) serve as the basis for calculation.

 

 

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 0 MBOLEA - 7.20 - KUPATA JOTO

Hita ya mboji, pia inajulikana kama rundo la bio, ni mpangilio wa kutumia joto la taka kutoka kwa mfumo wa mboji. Joto linalotokana na kazi ya microorganisms na viumbe vidogo wakati wa mchakato wa kuoza huelekezwa ipasavyo ili ipatikane mahali pa matumizi. Hii inaweza kuwa jengo la makazi, kwa mfano.

Kinyume na utengenezaji wa gesi asilia, oksijeni ya kutosha lazima itolewe hapa ili kuwezesha mchakato wa mtengano wa aerobiki na kuepuka kuoza. Ili kuunda hali bora kwa michakato ya kibaolojia, maji yanaweza kuongezwa mwanzoni. Mara tu mtengano unapoanza, maji hutolewa kama bidhaa ya mtengano, ili mboji ibaki na unyevu wa kutosha yenyewe. Hatimaye, majani yote kimsingi yamegawanywa katika kaboni dioksidi na maji pamoja na maendeleo ya joto ikiwa mchakato utaendelea.

Kawaida, hata hivyo, mchakato huo umesimamishwa mwishoni mwa msimu wa joto na humus ambayo imeunda huondolewa.

Mtaalamu wa kilimo wa Kifaransa Jean Pain, ambaye alishughulikia kilimo kwa kupatana na asili, ndiye mvumbuzi wa kanuni hiyo.

Kwa aina hii, rundo kubwa la mbolea kwenye hewa ya wazi hupitishwa na bomba la maji lililopotoka. Mzunguko wa maji hutawanya joto linalotokana na kusafirisha kwenye jengo la matumizi. Huko, maji yanayochomwa na lundo la mbolea yanaweza kulishwa moja kwa moja kwenye mzunguko wa joto au joto lake linaweza kuhamishiwa kwenye mzunguko wa joto kupitia mchanganyiko wa joto.

Tanuru lazima liwe na takriban lita 8,000 za majani ili kuweza kudumisha halijoto wakati wa baridi ambapo mchakato wa kutengeneza mboji unaweza kuendelea.

Silo ya kupokanzwa mboji ndani ya jengo la matumizi.

Silo ya mbolea ndani ya jengo la makazi.

1. Makala kuu: Silo ya kupokanzwa mboji

Mchakato wa kutengeneza mboji hufanyika kwenye silo. Hii imewekwa ndani ya jengo na hutoa nguvu zake za kupokanzwa moja kwa moja kupitia ukuta wa chombo. Saketi ya maji ya kusambaza joto inaweza kusakinishwa kama chaguo lakini haihitajiki kwa mifumo rahisi.

2. Mahesabu

Kwenye shamba la bustani, majani yanaweza kuvunwa kwa njia ya vipandikizi vya lawn, kumwaga majani, vipandikizi vya vichaka, nk. Kutokana na hili, kiasi cha kila mwaka cha nishati ya hadi 3860 kWh kwa 1000 m² kinaweza kupatikana. Data inayojulikana kutoka kwa kilimo cha msitu wa nishati (shamba fupi la mzunguko) hutumika kama msingi wa kuhesabu.

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Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) don.ronaldo@gmx.de
KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680
Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

 

7 1 FERTILIZER - 7.0 - IMPORT INDIEN FREE

 

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Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) 

KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680

don.ronaldo@gmx.de

Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

 

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.21 – HOW TO MAKE ORGANIC FERTILIZER

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.21 – HOW TO MAKE ORGANIC FERTILIZER

– All Natural

Making your own natural organic homemade fertilizer is both easy & cheap. It often uses components you already have around the farm. Organic material from leftover food and grass clippings to organic DIY fertilizers made from plant or animal remains.

Plant-based fertilizers include:

Compost, Cottonseed meal, Soybean, Kelp, Seaweed

Wood ash uses like these, Alfalfa meal fertilizer

Several organic materials serve as excellent sources of nitrogen for use as soil supplement and fertilizer, such as poultry, horses and especially cattle manure. However, atmospheric nitrogen is the largest source of soil nitrogen content and is introduced into the soil by precipitation, commercial fertilizers and decomposed cover crops. Legumes are excellent sources of nitrogen; First, they are the only plants capable of taking nitrogen from the air and releasing their nitrogen content to the soil as they decompose. Soil composition varies so always take a soil sample to determine the best method when making your own nitrogen fertilizer.

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 1 MBOLEA – 7.1 - Jinsi ya Kutengeneza Mbolea Hai

- Yote ya Asili

Kutengeneza mbolea ya asili ya kikaboni iliyotengenezwa nyumbani ni rahisi na kwa bei nafuu. Mara nyingi hutumia vifaa ambavyo tayari unavyo karibu na shamba. Nyenzo-hai kutoka kwa mabaki ya vyakula na vipande vya nyasi hadi mbolea ya kikaboni ya DIY iliyotengenezwa kwa mabaki ya mimea au wanyama.

Mbolea za mimea ni pamoja na:

Mboji, Unga wa Pamba, Soya, Kelp, Mwani

Majivu ya kuni hutumia kama hizi, mbolea ya unga wa Alfalfa

Nyenzo nyingi za kikaboni hutumika kama vyanzo bora vya nitrojeni kwa matumizi kama nyongeza ya udongo na mbolea, kama vile kuku, farasi na hasa samadi ya ng'ombe. Hata hivyo, nitrojeni ya anga ni chanzo kikubwa zaidi cha maudhui ya nitrojeni ya udongo na huingizwa kwenye udongo na mvua, mbolea za biashara na mazao ya kifuniko yaliyoharibika. Kunde ni vyanzo bora vya nitrojeni; Kwanza, ni mimea pekee yenye uwezo wa kuchukua nitrojeni kutoka hewani na kutoa maudhui yake ya nitrojeni kwenye udongo inapooza. Muundo wa udongo hutofautiana kwa hivyo chukua sampuli ya udongo kila wakati ili kubaini njia bora zaidi unapotengeneza mbolea yako ya nitrojeni.

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     ATLAS DEVELOPMENT S.A.R.L 

Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) don.ronaldo@gmx.de
KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680
Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

 

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.22 – ANIMAL-BASED FERTILIZERS

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.22 – ANIMAL-BASED FERTILIZERS

Fish emulsion from fish parts, Fish meal, Blood meal

Animal Cow manure and Steer Manure, Bat guano

Worm castings, Bone meal fertilizer

For more on liquid fish fertilizer read our article: How To Use Fish Fertilizer In The Garden

NOTE: Always get a soil test to make sure you add the organic soil amendments the soil needs for the plants you grow. Fertilizer ratios are expressed in numbers of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium. These are vital nutrients for strength, aerial storage, root development, and plant health. As humans need carbohydrates and proteins. Plants need and love “organic NPK fertilizer” for survival.

Additionally, plants use calcium, magnesium, sulphur for photosynthesis. Plants break down water and CO2 with the help of the sun into hydrogen, oxygen, carbon which they turn into food.

Other micronutrients required for plant growth are:

Boron, Iron – Details on iron chelate fertilizer for plants

Copper, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zinc

Based on these requirements, we will look at some homemade organic fertilizing options and ways to produce them.

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 1 MBOLEA - 7.2 - Mbolea za wanyama zina

Emulsion ya samaki kutoka kwa sehemu za samaki, Chakula cha samaki, Chakula cha damu

Mbolea ya Ng'ombe wa Wanyama na Samadi ya Bad, guano ya Popo

Minyoo, mbolea ya unga wa mifupa

Kwa zaidi juu ya mbolea ya samaki ya maji soma makala yetu: Jinsi ya Kutumia Mbolea ya Samaki Katika Bustani

KUMBUKA: Kila mara pata kipimo cha udongo ili kuhakikisha unaongeza marekebisho ya udongo wa kikaboni mahitaji ya udongo kwa mimea unayokuza. Uwiano wa mbolea huonyeshwa kwa idadi ya Nitrojeni, Fosforasi na Potasiamu. Hizi ni virutubisho muhimu kwa nguvu, uhifadhi wa anga, ukuzaji wa mizizi, na afya ya mmea. Kama binadamu anahitaji wanga na protini. Mimea inahitaji na kupenda "mbolea hai ya NPK" kwa ajili ya kuishi.

Zaidi ya hayo, mimea hutumia kalsiamu, magnesiamu, sulfuri kwa photosynthesis. Mimea huvunja maji na CO2 kwa msaada wa jua ndani ya hidrojeni, oksijeni, kaboni ambayo hugeuka kuwa chakula.

Virutubisho vingine vidogo vinavyohitajika kwa ukuaji wa mmea ni:

Boroni, Iron - Maelezo juu ya mbolea ya chelate ya chuma kwa mimea

Shaba, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zinki

Kulingana na mahitaji haya, tutaangalia baadhi ya chaguzi za mbolea za kikaboni za nyumbani na njia za kuzizalisha.

 

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    ATLAS DEVELOPMENT S.A.R.L 

Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) 

KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI - WhatsApp +254 769 396 680

don.ronaldo@gmx.de

Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.1 – FROM FISHPOND for AQUAPONIC

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.1 – FROM FISHPOND for AQUAPONIC

How IBC tanks make aquarium tomatoes possible »

Tomatoes or other vegetables from the aquarium - this topic should raise questioning looks in many people. The thought isn't even that far-fetched. The aquaponic process developed in the United States in 1985 makes it possible and combines tomato and fish farming. Within a circulatory system, fish ensure that the plants have an optimal nutrient content and, conversely, are supplied with good water quality. The technology behind it is simple and with the help of an IBC tank (intermediate bulk container) you can build your own aquaponic system.

The basic principle of an aquaponic system

Tomatoes and fish don't just go well together on the menu. A symbiosis can already be created during rearing. The composition aquaponics is derived from the terms aquaculture and hydroponics. While the latter refers to the cultivation of plants in inorganic substrates, aquaculture is the cultivation of fish in open tanks. Thanks to their design and large capacity, IBCs are suitable for providing fish with sufficient habitat. The movement of water, which supplies oxygen and removes excretions, is particularly important for living beings

The basic principle of the system is that algae and fish deposits are fed to plants that clean the returning water with bacterial cultures. The fish farm gets faecal-free water.

Do-it-yourself offers these advantages

• productive fish and plant breeding in a circulatory system

• low-cost building with IBCs

• low water requirement

• no additional fertilizer

• System is always expandable

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 1 MBOLEA – 7.3.1 – KUTOKA SAMAKI kwa AQUAPONIC

Jinsi mizinga ya IBC inavyofanya nyanya za aquarium iwezekanavyo »

Nyanya au mboga nyingine kutoka kwa aquarium - mada hii inapaswa kuinua kuonekana kwa maswali kwa watu wengi. Wazo hata sio mbali sana. Mchakato wa aquaponic uliotengenezwa nchini Marekani mwaka wa 1985 hufanya iwezekanavyo na unachanganya kilimo cha nyanya na samaki. Ndani ya mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu, samaki huhakikisha kwamba mimea ina maudhui bora ya virutubisho na, kinyume chake, hutolewa kwa ubora mzuri wa maji. Teknolojia nyuma yake ni rahisi na kwa msaada wa tank ya IBC (chombo cha kati cha wingi) unaweza kujenga mfumo wako wa aquaponic.

Kanuni ya msingi ya mfumo wa aquaponic

Nyanya na samaki haziendani vizuri tu kwenye menyu. Symbiosis inaweza tayari kuundwa wakati wa ufugaji. Utungaji wa aquaponics unatokana na maneno ya ufugaji wa samaki na hydroponics. Ingawa mwisho unahusu kilimo cha mimea katika substrates isokaboni, ufugaji wa samaki ni kilimo cha samaki katika mizinga wazi. Shukrani kwa muundo wao na uwezo mkubwa, IBC zinafaa kwa kutoa samaki wenye makazi ya kutosha. Harakati ya maji, ambayo hutoa oksijeni na kuondosha excretions, ni muhimu hasa kwa viumbe hai

Kanuni ya msingi ya mfumo ni kwamba mwani na amana za samaki hulishwa kwa mimea ambayo husafisha maji yanayorudi na tamaduni za bakteria. Shamba la samaki hupata maji yasiyo na kinyesi.

Fanya mwenyewe hutoa faida hizi

• samaki wenye tija na ufugaji wa mimea katika mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu

• jengo la gharama ya chini na IBCs

• mahitaji ya chini ya maji

• hakuna mbolea ya ziada

• Mfumo unaweza kupanuka kila wakati

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   ATLAS DEVELOPMENT S.A.R.L 

Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) don.ronaldo@gmx.de
KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680
Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

 

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.2 – FISH PROMOTE PLANT GROWTH

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.2 – FISH PROMOTE PLANT GROWTH

Natural cycle promotes plant growth

If you are toying with the idea of building an aquaponic system yourself, you are choosing an ecologically valuable route. Tomatoes, cucumbers, salads and fish are available in almost every supermarket. However, if you question the path from rearing to the end product on the shelf, one thing quickly becomes clear: production and transport require a high level of logistical effort, which has a heavy impact on the environment. This business is only profitable if as many products as possible reach the consumer.

While seas and lakes around the world are being fished dry, successful vegetable farming requires a few tools. This includes an enormous water consumption. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will also increase yields.

Owners of one or more IBC tanks can counteract these developments and create a natural cycle. This not only conserves resources, but also promotes the quality of the products. How such a system can be built with simple means is explained below.

For beginners: build your own aquaponic system

Since IBC containers have been used in the industrial sector for many years, there is a high stock. Used IBC tanks are already available at a low entry-level price and can be functionally expanded with the appropriate IBC container accessories. Anyone who buys used should ensure the suitability of the tank.

 

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 1 MBOLEA – 7.3.2 – SAMAKI HUKUZA UKUAJI WA MIMEA

Mzunguko wa asili unakuza ukuaji wa mimea

Ikiwa unacheza na wazo la kujenga mfumo wa aquaponic mwenyewe, unachagua njia ya thamani ya kiikolojia. Nyanya, matango, saladi na samaki zinapatikana karibu kila maduka makubwa. Hata hivyo, ikiwa unauliza njia kutoka kwa ufugaji hadi bidhaa ya mwisho kwenye rafu, jambo moja huwa wazi haraka: uzalishaji na usafiri unahitaji kiwango cha juu cha jitihada za vifaa, ambazo zina athari kubwa kwa mazingira. Biashara hii ina faida tu ikiwa bidhaa nyingi iwezekanavyo zitamfikia mlaji.

Wakati bahari na maziwa kote ulimwenguni yanavuliwa kavu, kilimo cha mboga kwa mafanikio kinahitaji zana chache. Hii ni pamoja na matumizi makubwa ya maji. Matumizi ya mbolea za kemikali na viuatilifu pia yataongeza mavuno.

Wamiliki wa tanki moja au zaidi za IBC wanaweza kukabiliana na maendeleo haya na kuunda mzunguko wa asili. Hii sio tu kuhifadhi rasilimali, lakini pia inakuza ubora wa bidhaa. Jinsi mfumo huo unaweza kujengwa kwa njia rahisi ni ilivyoelezwa hapa chini.

Kwa Kompyuta: jenga mfumo wako wa aquaponic

Kwa kuwa vyombo vya IBC vimetumika katika sekta ya viwanda kwa miaka mingi, kuna hisa kubwa. Mizinga ya IBC iliyotumika tayari inapatikana kwa bei ya chini na inaweza kupanuliwa kiutendaji kwa vifaa vinavyofaa vya kontena za IBC. Mtu yeyote anayenunua kutumika anapaswa kuhakikisha kufaa kwa tank.

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           ATLAS DEVELOPMENT S.A.R.L 

Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) 

KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680

don.ronaldo@gmx.de

Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.

 

 

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.3 – FISH IN A CONTAINER – AQUAPONIC

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 1 FERTILIZER – 7.3.3 – FISH IN A CONTAINER – AQUAPONIC

Lid as a plant bed

To obtain the two required parts, the upper part of the water tank must be cut off with a jigsaw or similar. A height of about 25 centimetres is sufficient for hydroponics (e.g. expanded clay). Ideally, the downward-facing filling opening should be provided with a cover filter so that the substrate is not washed out. After completion, a suitable pipe runs from there back to the lower tank or into other beds or containers, where the circulation pump is located.

A stand that is used separately offers the plant bed an elevated position with the comfort of a raised bed, which also promotes water drainage. Another alternative is to install a suction fitting for an external pump.

Raise fish in the container

The heart of the DIY aquaponics is the IBC container, which as a standard version still holds a good 1000 litres for the irrigation technology including fish farming. The stopcock can be replaced with a hose adapter that ensures water return.

Threaded and clamp fittings round off the portfolio, which makes it possible to install additional inlets and outlets. Here, too, the installation of filters ensures the necessary water quality and retains coarser particles.

The right fish

The type of fish has a significant influence on the later yield. Tilapia, which belong to the cichlid family, are suitable for rearing. The colloquial name "tomato fish" emerged from research, as it has ideal prerequisites for unproblematic breeding in an aquaponic system. Tilapia are robust and fully grown after a short time. They spawn comparatively often and thus secure their own stock. In addition, they do not need any separately fed feed, because vegetable residues are sufficient for their food intake.

Alternatively, African predatory catfish are also suitable for breeding in IBC containers. Due to their high content of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, they are suitable for use as food fish, just like tomato fish. The biggest challenge in fish farming is the water temperature, as both species are warm-water fish.

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 1 MBOLEA – 7.3.3 – SAMAKI KWENYE KONTENA – AQUAPONIC

Kifuniko kama kitanda cha mmea

Ili kupata sehemu mbili zinazohitajika, sehemu ya juu ya tank ya maji lazima ikatwe na jigsaw au sawa. Urefu wa takriban sentimita 25 unatosha kwa hidroponics (k.m. udongo uliopanuliwa). Kwa hakika, ufunguzi wa kujaza unaoelekea chini unapaswa kutolewa na chujio cha kifuniko ili substrate isioshwe. Baada ya kukamilika, bomba linalofaa linatoka huko nyuma kwenye tank ya chini au kwenye vitanda vingine au vyombo, ambapo pampu ya mzunguko iko.

Msimamo ambao hutumiwa tofauti hutoa kitanda cha mmea nafasi ya juu na faraja ya kitanda kilichoinuliwa; ambayo pia inakuza mifereji ya maji. Mbadala mwingine ni kufunga kifaa cha kufyonza kwa pampu ya nje.

Panda samaki kwenye chombo

Moyo wa aquaponics ya DIY ni chombo cha IBC, ambacho kama toleo la kawaida bado kinashikilia lita 1000 nzuri kwa teknolojia ya umwagiliaji ikiwa ni pamoja na ufugaji wa samaki. Stopcock inaweza kubadilishwa na adapta ya hose ambayo inahakikisha kurudi kwa maji.

Vipimo vilivyo na nyuzi na clamp huzunguka kwingineko, ambayo inafanya uwezekano wa kusakinisha viingilio na maduka ya ziada. Hapa, pia, ufungaji wa filters huhakikisha ubora wa maji muhimu na huhifadhi chembe za coarser.

Samaki wa kulia

Aina ya samaki ina ushawishi mkubwa juu ya mavuno ya baadaye. Tilapia, ambayo ni ya familia ya cichlid, inafaa kwa ufugaji. Jina la kawaida "samaki wa nyanya" liliibuka kutokana na utafiti, kwa kuwa lina sharti bora la kuzaliana bila shida katika mfumo wa aquaponic. Tilapia ni imara na hukua kikamilifu baada ya muda mfupi. Wao huzaa mara nyingi kwa kulinganisha na hivyo huhifadhi hifadhi yao wenyewe. Kwa kuongeza, hawana haja ya kulisha tofauti tofauti, kwa sababu mabaki ya mboga yanatosha kwa ulaji wao wa chakula.

Vinginevyo, kambare wa Kiafrika wawindaji pia wanafaa kwa kuzaliana katika vyombo vya IBC. Kwa sababu ya kiwango cha juu cha protini na asidi ya mafuta ya omega-3, zinafaa kutumika kama samaki wa chakula, kama samaki wa nyanya. Changamoto kubwa katika ufugaji wa samaki ni joto la maji, kwani aina zote mbili ni samaki wa maji ya joto.

 

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    ATLAS DEVELOPMENT S.A.R.L 

Ronald Hauck CEO (Don Ronaldo) 

KENYA KISUMU MILIMANI WhatsApp +254 769 396 680

don.ronaldo@gmx.de

Consultant for business, organic farming, and general buildings.