7 0 COMPOST – 7.20 - HEATING

 

ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY

7 0 COMPOST – 7.20 - HEATING

A compost heater, also known as a bio-pile, is an arrangement for using the waste heat from a composting system. The heat generated by the work of microorganisms and small organisms during the rotting process is appropriately diverted so that it is available at the place of use. This can be a residential building, for example.

In contrast to the production of biogas, sufficient oxygen must be supplied here to enable the aerobic decomposition process and to avoid putrefaction. To create optimal conditions for the biological processes, water may have to be added at the beginning. Once the decomposition has really started, water is produced as a decomposition product, so that the compost remains moist enough by itself. Ultimately, the entire biomass is essentially broken down into carbon dioxide and water with the development of heat if the process is kept running.

Usually, however, the process is stopped at the end of the heating season and the humus that has formed is removed.

The French agronomist Jean Pain, who dealt with agriculture in harmony with nature, is the inventor of the principle.

With this type, a large compost heap in the open air is run through with a twisted water pipe. The water cycle dissipates the resulting heat and transports it to a utility building. There, the water heated by the compost heap can be fed directly into the heating circuit or its heat can be transferred to the heating circuit via a heat exchanger.

The kiln must contain around 8,000 litres of biomass in order to be able to maintain a temperature in winter at which the composting process can continue.

Compost heating silo within the utility building.

Compost silo inside a residential building.

    1.       Main article: Compost heating silo

The composting process takes place in a silo. This is set up inside a building and emits its heating power directly through the wall of the vessel. A water circuit for distributing the heat can be installed as an option but is not required for simple systems.

    2.      Calculations

On a garden plot, biomass can be harvested in the form of lawn cuttings, leaf shedding, shrub cuttings, etc. From this, an annual amount of energy of up to 3860 kWh per 1000 m² can be obtained. The known data from the cultivation of an energy forest (short rotation plantation) serve as the basis for calculation.

 

 

KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI

7 0 MBOLEA - 7.20 - KUPATA JOTO

Hita ya mboji, pia inajulikana kama rundo la bio, ni mpangilio wa kutumia joto la taka kutoka kwa mfumo wa mboji. Joto linalotokana na kazi ya microorganisms na viumbe vidogo wakati wa mchakato wa kuoza huelekezwa ipasavyo ili ipatikane mahali pa matumizi. Hii inaweza kuwa jengo la makazi, kwa mfano.

Kinyume na utengenezaji wa gesi asilia, oksijeni ya kutosha lazima itolewe hapa ili kuwezesha mchakato wa mtengano wa aerobiki na kuepuka kuoza. Ili kuunda hali bora kwa michakato ya kibaolojia, maji yanaweza kuongezwa mwanzoni. Mara tu mtengano unapoanza, maji hutolewa kama bidhaa ya mtengano, ili mboji ibaki na unyevu wa kutosha yenyewe. Hatimaye, majani yote kimsingi yamegawanywa katika kaboni dioksidi na maji pamoja na maendeleo ya joto ikiwa mchakato utaendelea.

Kawaida, hata hivyo, mchakato huo umesimamishwa mwishoni mwa msimu wa joto na humus ambayo imeunda huondolewa.

Mtaalamu wa kilimo wa Kifaransa Jean Pain, ambaye alishughulikia kilimo kwa kupatana na asili, ndiye mvumbuzi wa kanuni hiyo.

Kwa aina hii, rundo kubwa la mbolea kwenye hewa ya wazi hupitishwa na bomba la maji lililopotoka. Mzunguko wa maji hutawanya joto linalotokana na kusafirisha kwenye jengo la matumizi. Huko, maji yanayochomwa na lundo la mbolea yanaweza kulishwa moja kwa moja kwenye mzunguko wa joto au joto lake linaweza kuhamishiwa kwenye mzunguko wa joto kupitia mchanganyiko wa joto.

Tanuru lazima liwe na takriban lita 8,000 za majani ili kuweza kudumisha halijoto wakati wa baridi ambapo mchakato wa kutengeneza mboji unaweza kuendelea.

Silo ya kupokanzwa mboji ndani ya jengo la matumizi.

Silo ya mbolea ndani ya jengo la makazi.

1. Makala kuu: Silo ya kupokanzwa mboji

Mchakato wa kutengeneza mboji hufanyika kwenye silo. Hii imewekwa ndani ya jengo na hutoa nguvu zake za kupokanzwa moja kwa moja kupitia ukuta wa chombo. Saketi ya maji ya kusambaza joto inaweza kusakinishwa kama chaguo lakini haihitajiki kwa mifumo rahisi.

2. Mahesabu

Kwenye shamba la bustani, majani yanaweza kuvunwa kwa njia ya vipandikizi vya lawn, kumwaga majani, vipandikizi vya vichaka, nk. Kutokana na hili, kiasi cha kila mwaka cha nishati ya hadi 3860 kWh kwa 1000 m² kinaweza kupatikana. Data inayojulikana kutoka kwa kilimo cha msitu wa nishati (shamba fupi la mzunguko) hutumika kama msingi wa kuhesabu.

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